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In contrast, T lymphocytesthat have been stimulated to proliferate culture show strong adhesion to nonantigen bearing cells. This antigenindependent adhesion is due to CD2and LFA-1on T lymphocytes interacting with LFA-3and ICAMson target cells, respectively (15, 28, 35, 36, 102). Althoughit was not clear in the original studies, antigen-independent adhesion requires prior activation of T lymphocytes since this type of spontaneous adhesion is low or absent when resting T lymphocytes are tested (5).

In contrast, neutrophils do not appear to express fl 1 integrins in significant amounts (59). T lymphocytes in LADpatients, alternatively, may selected to function in the absence of LFA-1. Mature T lymphocytes are selected in the thymus for recognition of self-MHCplus foreign antigens from large numbers of thymocyte clones expressing different TCR(60). Thymicepithelial cells and other componentsof the thymic stroma express ICAM-1, and interaction between normal thymocytes and thymic epithelial cells is mediated in part by LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction (38, 61, 62).

70. 71. 72. 73. BENACERRAF responses in vitro. III. Tolerogenicproperties of the terpolymer L-glutamic acid6°-L-alanine3%L-tyrosine ~° (GAT) for ~pleen cells from nonresponder (H2~ and H-2q) mice. J. Exp. Med. 140: 172-84 Kapp, J. , Pierce, C. , Benacerraf, B. 1974. Genetic control of immuneresponses in vitro. V. Stimulation of suppressor T cells in nonresponder mice by terpolymer L-glutamic acid6°-L-tyrosine ~° (GAT)~. J. Exp. Med. 140:648-59 Kapp, J. , Pierce, C. , Benacerraf, B. 1977. Immunosuppressive factor(s) extracted from lymphoid cells of nonresponder mice primed with L-glutamic acid 6°-L-alanine3°-L-tyrosine ~° (GAT).

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