By Andrew D. Evans
Among 1914 and 1918, German anthropologists carried out their paintings in the course of full-scale battle. The self-discipline was once fairly new in German academia while international conflict I broke out, and, as Andrew D. Evans unearths during this illuminating booklet, its improvement was once profoundly altered via the clash. because the struggle formed the institutional, ideological, and actual surroundings for anthropological paintings, the self-discipline became its again on its liberal roots and have become a nationalist exercise essentially taken with clinical reviews of race.
Combining highbrow and cultural heritage with the heritage of technological know-how, Anthropology at struggle examines either the origins and outcomes of this shift. Evans locates its roots within the choice to permit scientists entry to prisoner-of-war camps, which brought on them to concentration their examine on racial reviews of the captives. stuck up in wartime nationalism, a brand new new release of anthropologists started to painting the country’s political enemies as racially diverse. After the struggle ended, the significance put on racial conceptions and different types endured, paving the way in which for the politicization of clinical inquiry within the years of the ascendancy of nationwide Socialism.
Reviews:
"Evans not just deals a proof for the most important transition within the heritage of German anthropology, he additionally provides the main finished historical past of the self-discipline on hand up to now. Even past this awesome scholarly paintings, Evans has made a true conceptual contribution to the heritage of technology, correcting the dominant view of the relation among technological know-how and politics." - Matti Bunzl, college of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"
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Extra info for Anthropology at War: World War I and the Science of Race in Germany
Example text
47 In comparison with these other national anthropological traditions, the involvement with the war in German-speaking anthropology was more intense, and the effect of the conflict on the discipline more significant. The specific institutional and ideological conditions within German anthropology explain these differences, but so too do the larger contexts of the wartime experience in Germany and Austria-Hungary. The hostile and defensive nationalism that encouraged involvement in wartime themes reflected the insecurities of a young German nation coming late to the race for influence among the Great Powers.
Germany’s colonial project, gathering force under Wilhelm II, appeared to be the perfect opportunity for the anthropological disciplines, since it required research into the peoples and places that Germans sought to rule. Here too, however, physical anthropologists found themselves eclipsed by ethnologists, who were more successful in arguing that their discipline would be useful in the nation’s colonial efforts. In an era of scientific growth, anthropologists felt underappreciated. In the years leading up to 1914, the discipline was dominated by a creeping sense of institutional anxiety that later encouraged the transformation of the field into a political and nationalist tool during World War I.
Physical anthropologists were as much interested in prehistoric human morphologies as they were in contemporary human forms, and this interest meant that the 30 / Chapter One bones and skulls dug up at prehistoric sites were as much evidence for their discipline as they were for prehistory. In his discussion of the anthropological disciplines, Virchow wrote, “. . ”37 As a result, nearly every physical anthropologist also de facto worked in the field of prehistory. Ethnology and prehistory also overlapped.
